Automatic valve.



A. DE DION & G. BOUTON. AUTOMATIC VALVE.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 28, I909.-

Patented Aug. 16, 1910.

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ALBERT DE QDION AND GEORGES BOUTON, OF PUTEAUX, FRANCE.

AUTOMATIC VALVE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 16, 1910.

Application filed July 28, 1909. Serial No. 510,129.

To all whom it may concern.

Be it known that we, ALBERT DE DION and GEORGES BOUTON, citizens of theFrench Republic, residing at Puteaux, Department of the Seine, inFrance, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in andRelating to Automatic Valves; and we do hereby declare the following tobe a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as willenable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and useth same.

The springs of automatic valves present serious inconveniences. Themolecular condition of the metal becomes modified in time and the springrapidly deteriorates.

The invention has for its object a device which will obviate thesedefects while enabling the valve to be regulated in the most perfectmanner, that is to say, each of its positions may be determined exactlyrelatively to the vacuum acting upon one of its faces.

The novel features of the invention will appear clearly from thefollowing description and claims.

The accompanying drawing illustrates by way of example an additional aircarbureter valve provided with a counter device in accordance with thepresent invention.

The air enters the apparatus through the orifice 1, it then passes intothe conduit 2 to proceed to the carbureter proper. This conduit may beobturated by a valve 3 mounted on a stem 4:. This stem carries at itslower part a float 5 of iron or other metal and a plate 6 likewise ofmetal arranged beneath the float. At the lower part of the chamber 8there is arranged a mercury bath 7 into which a part of the float 5extends. The quantity of mercury in the vessel 8 is such that the valve3 obturates the orifice when the motor not running. A pipe 9 servingforfilling the chamber 8 enables the level of the mercury in this vesselto be regulated.

The operation of the apparatus is as follows. \V hen the motor isrunning the vacuum produced in the conduit 2 during the suction strokedepresses the valve 3 and allows air to enter through the orifice 1.When the valve opens the float 5 enters the mercury to an extentincreasing with the vigor of the suction of the motor. A given positionof equilibrium of the float 5 and the valve 3 corresponds to every valueof the vacuum and consequently of the speed of the motor this positiondepending absolutely upon the form given to the shell of the float.

In the example described above the float 5 presents a form approachingthat of a frustum of a cone. This form is such that the thrust exertedby the mercury upon the float increases very speedily with the depth ofimmersion and that the sensitiveness of the apparatus which is verygreat at the beginning of the lift decreases considerably in proportionas the lift increases.

It will be noted that in the embodiment shown the float of the valve isnot wholly submerged in the motive fluid but is only partially immersedtherein, andthat the valve is normally held closed by the excess ofpressure created by the greater than normal immersion of the float, overthe atmospheric pressure acting on the upper surface of the valve. Whenthe motor is running, however, a vacuum is produced in the conduit 2during the suction stroke, as before indicated, whereby the pressure onthe under surface of the valve is greatly diminished, so that theatmospheric pressure 011 the upper surface of said valve will force thevalve open and cause the float to be submerged in the liquid to a stillgreater extent. \Vhen the suction is relieved the rising of the floatwill be permitted, thereby raising the valve again into its normal,closed position. The float therefore keeps the valve closed under normalconditions, acting under atmospheric pressure, and the opening of thevalve is effected by a submergence of the float due to a partial vacuumacting on the valve. So far as the broader aspects of the invention areconcerned, it is not necessary that the float be only partially immersedin the body of liquid, it merely being contemplated that the thrust ofthe liquid on the float must be so exerted that it will be suflicient tohold the valve seated under normal conditions, viz., when the pressureon opposite faces of the valve is substantially equal and in particularwhen such pressure is that of the atmosphere. It is apparent, of course,that when the suction in said conduit is interrupted the pressure thereis substantially that of the atmosphere.

The diameter of the plate 6 is slightly less than the internal diameterof the chamber 8; it forms an obstacle to the passage of the mercury anddeadens the too sudden or too frequent oscillations of the Valve.

It will of course be understood that the employment of, the apparatus isnot restricted to the special case indicated above. It may be utilizedfor automatic valves of all kinds. It will be apparent, also, that wehave not attempted to describe the numerous modifications of theconstruction that may be adopted within the scope of the invention.

We claim:

1. The combination with a passage or conduit having a valve seat, of avalve coacting with said seat and provided with a float, and a body ofliquid of relatively constant volume, normally acting 011 the float tohold the valve against its seat under atmospheric pressure.

2. The combination with a passage or con duit having a valve seat, of avalve coacting with said seat and subjected at one face to a constantpressure and at the opposite face to a varying pressure, and a body ofliquid of relatively constant volume acting on said valve to hold itseated when the varying pressure is sufficiently high.

3. The combination with a passage or conduit subjected to suction, of avalve in said conduit having an outer face subjected to atmosphericpressure and an inner face subjected to the pressure in the conduit, anda body of liquid acting on the valve to hold it seated when thepressures on the opposite valve faces bear a predetermined ratio to eachother.

4. The combination with a passage or conduit having a valve seat, of avalve coacting with said seat and having one face subjected constantlyto atmospheric pressure, the opposite valve face being subjected to thepressure in the conduit, and a body of liquid normally holding the valveseated when the pressure in the conduit is substantially equal to thatof the atmosphere, but permitting the valve to open when the pressure inthe conduit is decreased. 5. The combination. with a conduit in which asuction is created, of a valve in said conduit operative to close thelatter, a float depending from said valve, and a body of liquid normallyfloating the valve at such a level that it is held seated, the floatbeing sunk deeper in the liquid by a suction in said conduit opening thevalve.

6. The combination with a conduit subjected to suction and having avalve seat, of a valve in said conduit coacting with said seat andhaving a depending stem, a float carried by said stem below the valve,and a body of liquid having a relatively fixed level and in which thefloat is only partially immersed said body of liquid normally holdingthe valve closed.

7. In a device such as described, the combination with a conduitsubjected to suction and having a valve seat, a valve coacting with saidseat and carrying a depending float, a body of liquid in which saidfloat is partially immersed and normally holding the valve seated, and aregulating or retard ing disk carried by the valve below the float andsubmerged in the liquid.

8. The combination with a conduit having a valve seat, of a valveslidable vertically into engagement with said seat and having a stemdepending therefrom, a float carried by the lower portion of said stem,and a body of liquid having a relatively fixed level and in which saidfloat is partially immersed, such liquid normally holding the valve upagainst its seat under atmospheric pressure, the valve being more nearlyimmersed in the liquid by suction in the conduit beneath said valve.

9. The combination with a conduit having a valve seat, of a valveslidable vertically into engagement with said seat and havin a dependingstem, a float carried by sai stem, a body of liquid of relativelyconstant volume in which said float is partially immersed, and normallyholding said valve up against its seat under atmospheric pressure, thevalve being opened by a partial vacuum created in the conduit beneaththe same, and a regulating or retarding disk carried by the valvebeneath the float and submerged in the body of liquid.

10. The combination with a conduit subjected to suction and having avalve-seat, of a valve coacting With said seat, a body of liquidassociated with the valve, and a float on the valve partially immersedin the liquid and normally holding the valve closed, said float beingtapered in a downward direction to increase the thrust of the liquidrapidly as the float is further immersed by suction on the valve.

In testimony whereof we aflix our signatures, in presence of twowitnesses.

ALBERT DE DION.

GEORGES BOUTON.

Witnesses:

H. C. Coxn, LOUIS J ossn.

